单纯从死亡率来看，青春期曾被认为是人类一生当中最健康的时期之一。然而由于生物心理社会学因素的联合作用使得青少年面临更广阔的健康问题，这一点正逐渐被人们所认识。由于针对青少年时期特殊健康需求的医疗保健措施适宜，大部分疾病能够得到有效的护理治疗。
部分青春期主要疾病列举如下：
疟疾；
肺健康（包括肺结核）；
慢性病；
HIV/AIDS 。
许多青少年早死是由于意外事故和危险行为等其他因素导致。
在学龄期向青少年发育期过渡过程中，对可能导致健康危害行为的预防发挥出越来越重要的作用。这个临界时期开始的习惯和生活方式的选择极大影响一个成年人的全面健康。世界卫生组织估计70％的成年人早死大部分是由青春期开始建立的行为所致。
青少年时期主要与以下的健康主题有关：
性与生殖健康（性发育和性特征，HIV/AIDS等性传播疾病，非意愿和不安全妊娠）；
物质滥用（吸烟，酗酒和吸毒）；
精神卫生（自杀和抑郁症等）。
原文及其链接地址
On the basis of mortality rates alone, adolescence was previously considered to be one of the healthiest periods in human life. However, there is growing recognition of the wide-ranging health problems faced by adolescents because of a combination of biological, psychological and social factors. There are relatively few deaths due to illnesses in adolescents. With appropriate health care targeted towards the special needs of adolescents, most of these illnesses can be cared for and treated.
Some of the major illnesses that affect adolescents are:
Malaria
Lung health (including tuberculosis)
Chronic diseases
HIV/AIDS
Many adolescents die prematurely due to other causes such as accidents and risky behaviour.
As a child moves through the school-age years and into adolescence, prevention of behaviours that can lead to health risks takes on a greater importance. Many habits and lifestyle choices that start during these critical years contribute greatly to the overall health of an adult. The WHO estimates that 70% of premature deaths among adults are largely due to behaviour initiated during adolescence.
Major health issues in the adolescent years are related to:
Sexual and reproductive health (sexual development and sexuality, sexually transmitted diseases including HIV/AIDS, unwanted and unsafe pregnancies)
Substance use (including use of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs)
Mental health (including suicide and depression).
Please click on http://www.who.int/child-adolescent-health/PREVENTION/Adolescents.htm for details.
